I developed the following WS endpoint that uses @UseAsyncMethod:

@WebService(...)
public class GreetingServiceImpl implements GreetingService {
    ...
    @WebMethod
    @UseAsyncMethod
    public String hello(String name) { ... }

    public Future<HelloResponse> helloAsync(final String name, final AsyncHandler<HelloResponse> asyncHandler) { ... }

My expectation with @UseAsyncMethod is that whenever the hello() operation is invoked helloAsync() is eventually executed on JBoss (WildFly 8 or EAP 6). However, it really is not.

I tested the same endpoint by launching it using Endpoint.publish(...) as well and it works as expected, so I don't think it's an issue with CXF itself but with JBoss WS integration.

Attached please see the complete reproducer project async.zip for detail.