We have encountered a similar problem as in WFLY-17833 after migration from Wildfly 26 to Wildfly 27:
When starting an MBean that connects to a SOAP service via HTTPS, the following error occurs:
2023-11-23 13:48:17,278 ERROR [test.TestService] (MSC service thread 1-5) WFLYSYSJMX0009: Initialization failed during postRegister: org.apache.cxf.ws.policy.PolicyException: None of the policy alternatives can be satisfied.
--> Stacktrace in server.log{}

If we switch on TRACE logging, some preceding exceptions appear, e.g.:
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.glassfish.jaxb.runtime.v2.ContextFactory from [Module "org.jboss.as.sar" version 27.0.1.Final from local module loader @5f9be66c (finder: local module finder @3abada5a (roots: D:\wildfly\modules,D:\wildfly\modules\system\layers\base))]
--> Stacktrace in server_APACHE_CXF_TRACE.log

We were able to find a work-around by adding following entry to the module.xml in ...\modules\system\layers\base\org\jboss\as\sar\main:
<module name="org.glassfish.jaxb" services="import" optional="true"/>

Please find also attached a small project (wildfly-client-test.zip) where the problem occurs during startup of Wildfly and were it can be reproduced if webservice data (class Constants.java) is changed to an available service.
Would be great to have this issue solved in future releases.