I started by installing JBoss AS and Teiid 7.1CR2 (plus JDBC drivers). After starting JBoss AS, I deployed the weather-ds and weather-vdb files. After seeing the VDB was "active" I used the simpleclient to execute this query:

./run.sh localhost 31000 weather "select t.* from (call weather.invoke(action='GET', endpoint=querystring('', '63017 10530' as zipCodeList, 'glance' as product, '2010-08-12T14:00:00' as \"begin\", '2010-08-12T14:00:00' as \"end\", 'maxt' as maxt, 'mint' as mint) )) w, XMLTABLE('/dwml/data/parameters' passing w.result columns Location string path '@applicable-location', TempName string path 'temperature/name', TempValue string path 'temperature/value' ) t"

The result was:
[QueryMetadataException]weather does not exist.
at org.teiid.query.resolver.QueryResolver.resolveCommand(QueryResolver.java:176)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.SimpleQueryResolver$QueryResolverVisitor.resolveSubQuery(SimpleQueryResolver.java:208)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.SimpleQueryResolver$QueryResolverVisitor.visit(SimpleQueryResolver.java:362)
at org.teiid.query.sql.lang.SubqueryFromClause.acceptVisitor(SubqueryFromClause.java:127)
at org.teiid.query.sql.navigator.AbstractNavigator.visitNode(AbstractNavigator.java:62)
at org.teiid.query.sql.navigator.AbstractNavigator.visitNodes(AbstractNavigator.java:73)
at org.teiid.query.sql.navigator.PreOrPostOrderNavigator.visit(PreOrPostOrderNavigator.java:259)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.SimpleQueryResolver$QueryResolverVisitor.visit(SimpleQueryResolver.java:523)
at org.teiid.query.sql.lang.From.acceptVisitor(From.java:144)
at org.teiid.query.sql.navigator.AbstractNavigator.visitNode(AbstractNavigator.java:62)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.SimpleQueryResolver$QueryResolverVisitor.visit(SimpleQueryResolver.java:186)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.SimpleQueryResolver.resolveCommand(SimpleQueryResolver.java:103)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.QueryResolver.resolveCommand(QueryResolver.java:174)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.QueryResolver.resolveCommand(QueryResolver.java:126)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.QueryResolver.resolveCommand(QueryResolver.java:100)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.Request.resolveCommand(Request.java:277)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.Request.generatePlan(Request.java:378)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.Request.processRequest(Request.java:437)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.RequestWorkItem.processNew(RequestWorkItem.java:351)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.RequestWorkItem.process(RequestWorkItem.java:174)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.AbstractWorkItem.run(AbstractWorkItem.java:49)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.DQPWorkContext.runInContext(DQPWorkContext.java:188)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.ThreadReuseExecutor$RunnableWrapper.run(ThreadReuseExecutor.java:116)
at org.teiid.dqp.internal.process.ThreadReuseExecutor$3.run(ThreadReuseExecutor.java:290)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: [QueryMetadataException]weather does not exist.
at org.teiid.query.metadata.CompositeMetadataStore.getSchema(CompositeMetadataStore.java:65)
at org.teiid.query.metadata.CompositeMetadataStore.getStoredProcedure(CompositeMetadataStore.java:108)
at org.teiid.query.metadata.TransformationMetadata.getStoredProcedureInfoForProcedure(TransformationMetadata.java:300)
at org.teiid.query.metadata.BasicQueryMetadataWrapper.getStoredProcedureInfoForProcedure(BasicQueryMetadataWrapper.java:273)
at org.teiid.query.metadata.BasicQueryMetadataWrapper.getStoredProcedureInfoForProcedure(BasicQueryMetadataWrapper.java:273)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.ExecResolver.findCommandMetadata(ExecResolver.java:79)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.command.ExecResolver.resolveProceduralCommand(ExecResolver.java:246)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.ProcedureContainerResolver.resolveCommand(ProcedureContainerResolver.java:195)
at org.teiid.query.resolver.QueryResolver.resolveCommand(QueryResolver.java:174)
... 26 more

I shut down JBoss AS and restarted it and was able to execute the same query successfully.