https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=123895

Acceptance Criteria:
Evaluate and decide whether to implement some or all of the following:

• Catch memory errors:
  • bad_alloc during regex execution and throw regex_error with error_stack code.
  • bad_alloc during NFA construction and throw regex_error with error_space code.
• Include actual problematic value in error message (e.g., "value 999999999999 exceeds INT_MAX")          
• Implement error_complexity with regex executor by monitoring execution steps, ensuring it scales with input size