There is a bug in fuse-overlayfs < 1.16 which produces wrong directory entries in certrain conditions: https://github.com/containers/fuse-overlayfs/pull/448

This for example affects running container images with podman where e.g. gitlab fails to load necessary files, because fuse-overlayfs does not list them under certain conditions: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/issues/9408

however, this might also affect other software running in containers that make use of fuse-overlayfs (any rootless containers).