cert-manager does not work with "Managed Identity Using AAD Pod Identities", i.e. https://cert-manager.io/docs/configuration/acme/dns01/azuredns/#managed-identity-using-aad-pod-identities .

cert-manager installed with cert-manager-operator-bundle-container-v1.10.2-18 on ipi-on-azure OCP env of payload 4.13.0-0.nightly-2023-03-04-092801

Always

1. Launch ipi-on-azure OCP env. Install cert-manager operator of bundle v1.10.2-18 on it.
2. Follow https://cert-manager.io/docs/configuration/acme/dns01/azuredns/#managed-identity-using-aad-pod-identities . Below are step-by-step details:

2.1
Choose a unique Identity name and existing resource group to create identity in.
$ IDENTITY_GROUP=xxia<snipped>-rg
$ az group create -l westus -n $IDENTITY_GROUP

$ IDENTITY_NAME=xxia<snipped>-test
$ az identity create --name $IDENTITY_NAME --resource-group $IDENTITY_GROUP --output json > output/az-identity-create--name--resource-group.json

$ IDENTITY="$(cat output/az-identity-create--name--resource-group.json)"

Gets principalId to use for role assignment
$ PRINCIPAL_ID=$(echo $IDENTITY | jq -r '.principalId')

Used for identity binding:
$ CLIENT_ID=$(echo $IDENTITY | jq -r '.clientId')
$ RESOURCE_ID=$(echo $IDENTITY | jq -r '.id')

$ ZONE_NAME=qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com
$ ZONE_GROUP=<snipped>

Get existing DNS Zone Id
$ ZONE_ID=$(az network dns zone show --name $ZONE_NAME --resource-group $ZONE_GROUP --query "id" -o tsv)

Create role assignment
$ az role assignment create --role "DNS Zone Contributor" --assignee $PRINCIPAL_ID --scope $ZONE_ID > output/az-role-assignment-create--assignee_for-pod-aad-test.json

2.2
$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/aad-pod-identity/master/deploy/infra/managed-mode-deployment.yaml

The document says "This installs NMI in managed mode in the kube-system namespace". To ensure success in OCP, do below first:
$ oc label ns/kube-system pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=privileged pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit=privileged pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn=privileged --overwrite

The document also says command "to assign the identity to the VM" (https://azure.github.io/aad-pod-identity/docs/getting-started/role-assignment/#user-assigned-managed-identities-for-self-managed-clusters says same). Do it:
$ for i in xxia-05az-f55w4-worker-westus-zdkk6 xxia-05az-f55w4-worker-westus-pblrl xxia-05az-f55w4-worker-westus-bxbvk xxia-05az-f55w4-master-0 xxia-05az-f55w4-master-1 xxia-05az-f55w4-master-2
do
  az vm identity assign -g xxia-05az-f55w4-rg -n $i --identities "/subscriptions/snipped-subscription-id/resourcegroups/xxia-snipped-rg/providers/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/xxia-snipped-test"
done

$ oc create -f managed-mode-deployment.yaml
serviceaccount/aad-pod-id-nmi-service-account created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/azureidentities.aadpodidentity.k8s.io created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/azureidentitybindings.aadpodidentity.k8s.io created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/azurepodidentityexceptions.aadpodidentity.k8s.io created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aad-pod-id-nmi-role created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aad-pod-id-nmi-binding created
daemonset.apps/nmi created

$ oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged -z aad-pod-id-nmi-service-account -n kube-system

$ oc get po -n kube-system
NAME        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nmi-76rnh   1/1     Running   0          15s
nmi-dvw2j   1/1     Running   0          15s
nmi-hkzll   1/1     Running   0          15s
nmi-n7xc6   1/1     Running   0          15s
nmi-p9v9x   1/1     Running   0          15s
nmi-ps2hh   1/1     Running   0          15s

2.3
$ cat azureidentity-resources.yaml 
apiVersion: "aadpodidentity.k8s.io/v1"
kind: AzureIdentity
metadata:
  annotations:
    aadpodidentity.k8s.io/Behavior: namespaced
  name: certman-identity
  namespace: cert-manager
spec:
  type: 0
  resourceID: snipped # Resource Id From previous step
  clientID: snipped # Client Id from previous step
---
apiVersion: "aadpodidentity.k8s.io/v1"
kind: AzureIdentityBinding
metadata:
  name: certman-id-binding
  namespace: cert-manager
spec:
  azureIdentity: certman-identity
  selector: certman-label # This is the label that needs to be set on cert-manager pods

$ oc create -f azureidentity-resources.yaml

2.4
$ oc edit deployment cert-manager -n cert-manager
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        aadpodidbinding: certman-label # must match previous step's "selector"

2.5 Wait for cert-manager pod is renewed
$ oc get po -n cert-manager
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
cert-manager-697967c4b7-5kslq              1/1     Running   1          2m
...

2.6
$ cat clusterissuer-acme-dns01-azuredns-aad-pod-identity.yaml
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: ClusterIssuer
metadata:
  name: use-aad-pod-identity
spec:
  acme:
    preferredChain: ""
    privateKeySecretRef:
      name: letsencrypt
    server: https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
    solvers:
    - dns01:
        azureDNS:
          subscriptionID: snipped
          resourceGroupName: snipped
          hostedZoneName: qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com
          environment: AzurePublicCloud

$ oc create -f clusterissuer-acme-dns01-azuredns-aad-pod-identity.yaml
$ oc get clusterissuer -o wide
NAME                   READY   STATUS                                                 AGE
use-aad-pod-identity   True    The ACME account was registered with the ACME server   3m

$ oc login -u snipped -p snipped
$ oc new-project xxia-proj-3
$ cat cert-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity.yaml 
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: Certificate
metadata:
  name: cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity
spec:
  secretName: cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity
  issuerRef:
    kind: ClusterIssuer
    name: use-aad-pod-identity
  dnsNames:
  - xxia-test-4.qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com
  - '*.xxia-test-4.qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com'

$ oc create -f cert-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity.yaml

4.
$ oc get cert
NAME                                      READY   SECRET                                    AGE
cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity   False   cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity   51m

$ oc get challenge
NAME                                                              STATE     DOMAIN                                           AGE
cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity-64487-725540-3403810812             xxia-test-4.qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com   52m
cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity-64487-725540-4176589525   pending   xxia-test-4.qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com   52m

$ oc get order -o wide
NAME                                                    STATE     ISSUER                 REASON   AGE
cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity-64487-7255405   pending   use-aad-pod-identity            52m

$ oc get challenge cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity-64487-725540-4176589525 -o yaml
...
status:
  presented: false
  processing: true
  reason: 'azure.BearerAuthorizer#WithAuthorization: Failed to refresh the Token for
    request to https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/snipped-subscription-id/resourceGroups/snipped-dns-zone-resource-group/providers/Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com/TXT/_acme-challenge.xxia-test-4?api-version=2017-10-01:
    StatusCode=0 -- Original Error: adal: Failed to execute the refresh request. Error
    = ''Get "http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&mi_res_id=%2Fsubscriptions%2Fsnipped-subscription-id%2Fresourcegroups%2Fxxia-snipped-rg%2Fproviders%2FMicrosoft.ManagedIdentity%2FuserAssignedIdentities%2Fxxia-snipped-test&resource=https%3A%2F%2Fmanagement.core.windows.net%2F":
    dial tcp 169.254.169.254:80: connect: connection refused'''
  state: pending

5.
nmi pods in-previous-step don't show error in logs
$ oc logs --timestamps nmi-pod-name-in-previous-step -n kube-system --context admin
2023-03-08T03:04:56.849421039Z I0308 03:04:56.849330       1 main.go:90] starting nmi process. Version: v1.8.14. Build date: 2022-12-13-18:34.
2023-03-08T03:04:56.849421039Z I0308 03:04:56.849385       1 main.go:103] features for scale clusters enabled
2023-03-08T03:04:57.152738814Z I0308 03:04:57.152669       1 crd.go:448] CRD lite informers started 
2023-03-08T03:04:57.253938539Z I0308 03:04:57.253810       1 main.go:117] running NMI in namespaced mode: true
2023-03-08T03:04:57.253938539Z I0308 03:04:57.253856       1 nmi.go:53] initializing in managed mode
2023-03-08T03:04:57.253938539Z I0308 03:04:57.253867       1 probes.go:41] initialized health probe on port 8085
2023-03-08T03:04:57.253938539Z I0308 03:04:57.253878       1 probes.go:44] started health probe
2023-03-08T03:04:57.254020639Z I0308 03:04:57.253986       1 metrics.go:341] registered views for metric
2023-03-08T03:04:57.254170339Z I0308 03:04:57.254128       1 prometheus_exporter.go:21] starting Prometheus exporter
2023-03-08T03:04:57.254170339Z I0308 03:04:57.254156       1 metrics.go:347] registered and exported metrics on port 9090
2023-03-08T03:04:57.254425339Z I0308 03:04:57.254314       1 server.go:127] listening on 127.0.0.1:2579
2023-03-08T03:04:57.358128765Z W0308 03:04:57.358081       1 iptables.go:123] flushing iptables to add aad-metadata custom chains

cert-manager pods have below logs
$ oc logs --timestamps cert-manager-697967c4b7-5kslq --context admin -n cert-manager
...
2023-03-08T04:37:55.066624559Z E0308 04:37:55.066544       1 azuredns.go:157] cert-manager/azure-dns "msg"="Error creating TXT:" "error"="azure.BearerAuthorizer#WithAuthorization: Failed to refresh the Token for request to https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/snipped-subscription-id/resourceGroups/snipped-dns-zone-resource-group/providers/Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com/TXT/_acme-challenge.xxia-test-4?api-version=2017-10-01: StatusCode=0 -- Original Error: adal: Failed to execute the refresh request. Error = 'Get \"http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&mi_res_id=%2Fsubscriptions%2Fsnipped-subscription-id%2Fresourcegroups%2Fxxia-snipped-rg%2Fproviders%2FMicrosoft.ManagedIdentity%2FuserAssignedIdentities%2Fxxia-snipped-test&resource=https%3A%2F%2Fmanagement.core.windows.net%2F\": dial tcp 169.254.169.254:80: connect: connection refused'" "qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com"="(MISSING)"
2023-03-08T04:37:55.067033060Z E0308 04:37:55.066992       1 controller.go:167] cert-manager/challenges "msg"="re-queuing item due to error processing" "error"="azure.BearerAuthorizer#WithAuthorization: Failed to refresh the Token for request to https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/snipped-subscription-id/resourceGroups/snipped-dns-zone-resource-group/providers/Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com/TXT/_acme-challenge.xxia-test-4?api-version=2017-10-01: StatusCode=0 -- Original Error: adal: Failed to execute the refresh request. Error = 'Get \"http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&mi_res_id=%2Fsubscriptions%2Fsnipped-subscription-id%2Fresourcegroups%2Fxxia-snipped-rg%2Fproviders%2FMicrosoft.ManagedIdentity%2FuserAssignedIdentities%2Fxxia-snipped-test&resource=https%3A%2F%2Fmanagement.core.windows.net%2F\": dial tcp 169.254.169.254:80: connect: connection refused'" "key"="xxia-proj-3/cert4-from-issuer-with-aad-pod-identity-64487-725540-4176589525"
2023-03-08T04:37:55.067163860Z I0308 04:37:55.067108       1 azuredns.go:87] cert-manager "msg"="No ClientID found:  authenticating azuredns with managed identity (MSI)"
...

cert-manager does not work with "Managed Identity Using AAD Pod Identities", as detailed in above steps.

cert-manager should work with "Managed Identity Using AAD Pod Identities", as detailed in above steps.

...
    solvers:
    - dns01:
        azureDNS:
          environment: AzurePublicCloud
          hostedZoneName: qe1.azure.devcluster.openshift.com
          managedIdentity:
            resourceID: snipped-RESOURCE_ID-in-previous-step
          resourceGroupName: snipped
          subscriptionID: snipped