When a cache listener implementation throws an exception such as NullPointerException from a cache listener event implementation, you can get exceptions like this:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: This method can only be called after associating the current thread with a context
at org.infinispan.context.InvocationContextContainerImpl.getInvocationContext(InvocationContextContainerImpl.java:143)
at org.infinispan.util.concurrent.locks.OwnableReentrantLock.currentRequestor(OwnableReentrantLock.java:78)
at org.infinispan.util.concurrent.locks.OwnableReentrantLock.tryRelease(OwnableReentrantLock.java:134)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.release(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:1262)
at org.infinispan.util.concurrent.locks.OwnableReentrantLock.unlock(OwnableReentrantLock.java:104)
at org.infinispan.util.concurrent.locks.containers.AbstractStripedLockContainer.releaseLock(AbstractStripedLockContainer.java:83)
at org.infinispan.util.concurrent.locks.LockManagerImpl.unlock(LockManagerImpl.java:97)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.LockingInterceptor.cleanupLocks(LockingInterceptor.java:289)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.LockingInterceptor.doAfterCall(LockingInterceptor.java:243)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.LockingInterceptor.visitPutKeyValueCommand(LockingInterceptor.java:200)
at org.infinispan.commands.write.PutKeyValueCommand.acceptVisitor(PutKeyValueCommand.java:77)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.base.CommandInterceptor.invokeNextInterceptor(CommandInterceptor.java:118)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.base.CommandInterceptor.handleDefault(CommandInterceptor.java:132)
at org.infinispan.commands.AbstractVisitor.visitPutKeyValueCommand(AbstractVisitor.java:57)
at org.infinispan.commands.write.PutKeyValueCommand.acceptVisitor(PutKeyValueCommand.java:77)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.base.CommandInterceptor.invokeNextInterceptor(CommandInterceptor.java:118)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.MarshalledValueInterceptor.visitPutKeyValueCommand(MarshalledValueInterceptor.java:93)
at org.infinispan.commands.write.PutKeyValueCommand.acceptVisitor(PutKeyValueCommand.java:77)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.base.CommandInterceptor.invokeNextInterceptor(CommandInterceptor.java:118)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.TxInterceptor.enlistWriteAndInvokeNext(TxInterceptor.java:185)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.TxInterceptor.visitPutKeyValueCommand(TxInterceptor.java:132)
at org.infinispan.commands.write.PutKeyValueCommand.acceptVisitor(PutKeyValueCommand.java:77)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.base.CommandInterceptor.invokeNextInterceptor(CommandInterceptor.java:118)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.InvocationContextInterceptor.handleAll(InvocationContextInterceptor.java:48)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.InvocationContextInterceptor.handleDefault(InvocationContextInterceptor.java:34)
at org.infinispan.commands.AbstractVisitor.visitPutKeyValueCommand(AbstractVisitor.java:57)
at org.infinispan.commands.write.PutKeyValueCommand.acceptVisitor(PutKeyValueCommand.java:77)
at org.infinispan.interceptors.InterceptorChain.invoke(InterceptorChain.java:269)
at org.infinispan.CacheDelegate.put(CacheDelegate.java:414)
at org.infinispan.CacheDelegate.put(CacheDelegate.java:198)
at org.infinispan.marshall.InvocationContextInterceptorErrorTest.test000(InvocationContextInterceptorErrorTest.java:75)
... Removed 22 stack frames

Most likely, this is due to icc.resume(contexts); calls in CacheNotifierImpl not being in a finally clause which would make sure that the invocation is set again regardless of whether there was an exception or not.