Unpack and install activemq distribution. Add "trace=true" to the openwire transport connector URI configuration. Start the broker. Attach VisualVm and take an initial heap dump. Connect and disconnect a large amount (just less than the maximum) of consumers from the broker several times. Initiate a GC. Take another heap dump. You should see a several thousand increase in retained, category, logger, logger adapter, and hashtable entry instances mentioned above.