Some number of releases ago Byteman used to avoid injecting into inner classes but this limitation was eventually removed. However, if Byteman knows there are overriding rules (i.e ones that use ^) and as a consequence searches up the super hierarchy from some subclass looking or rules injecting through the parents it will reject overriding rules attached to a super when it turns out that the super is an inner class. This is just a hangover from the old behaviour and needs removing.