Recent versions of JBoss AS install a security policy which, without suitable configuration, causes Byteman rule injection to fail. Indeed the same may apply for other applications employing a security policy. Byteman provides an agent option to deal with this problem:

policy:true

This option can added to the list passed as arguments to the -javaagent and (obviously only when set to true, default is false) causes the agent to install an ALLPERMISSION security policy allowing Byteman code to do whatever it wants once again.

The bug is that this javaagent option is not documented.in the user guide. n.b. the equivalent -s option provided in script bminstall /is/ documented.