https://github.com/ansible/galaxy_ng/search?q=orphan_protection_time

It is not safe to set orphan_protection_time to zero. If there is a content that is being uploaded/published to HUB and simultaneously the orphan_cleanup is triggered, there is a high chance that artifact and/or content will be cleaned up before the upload/publish task will manage to assign artifact to a content and content to a repository( these are criteria of what makes a content/artifact an orphan)

For these reasons it is dis-advised to set the value to zero, here are some guidelines on the setting https://docs.pulpproject.org/pulpcore/configuration/settings.html?highlight=orphan_protection_time#orphan-protection-time